ABSTRACT
Nanozymes, made of emerging nanomaterials, have similar activity to natural enzyme and exhibit promising applications in in the fields of environment, biology and medicine, and food safety science. In recent years, with the deep finding and research to nanozymes by researchers, its application in field of pharmaceutical analysis has emerged gradually, possessing great significance in drug safety evaluation and quality control. This review summarizes the construction of metal nanozymes, strategies to improve their performance and their application in pharmaceutical detection and analysis, especially in detection of target analytes consisting of small molecule medicine macromolecule, toxic and others, which proposes theoretical foundation for development of nanozymes in this field. At the same time, it also provides opportunities and challenges for the construction and application of new nanozymes.
ABSTRACT
A novel bionic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BELISA) based on double-antibody sandwich method is firstly designed for the detection of carbamazepine (CBZ) in human serum samples. In this BELISA system, cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) is employed as an artificial capture antibody (cAb), and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) is used as an artificial detection antibody (dAb). Nanozymes (PdNPs) as signal generators are integrated with MIPs. This couple of bionic antibodies exhibits not only the excellent physical and chemical stability, but also the superior molecular recognition ability. Based on two bionic antibodies that can selectively recognize different sites of CBZ molecule, a new BELISA method has been constructed for the first time. The proposed BELISA method displays a good linear relationship ranging from 2 to 20 µg mL-1. The detection limit is 0.37 µg mL-1, which can well meet clinical testing demand. It provides a more stable and economical method for clinical therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).
Subject(s)
Biosensing Techniques , Molecular Imprinting , Bionics , Bridged-Ring Compounds , Carbamazepine/analysis , Humans , Imidazoles , Molecular Imprinting/methods , Polymers/chemistryABSTRACT
A nanozyme based on graphene oxide modified with Fe3O4 NPs, CuO NPs, and cucurbit[6]uril has been successfully fabricated by a simple sonochemical technique. By employing CB[6] as a specific binding pocket and Fe3O4@CuO-GO as a peroxidase mimic, this novel nanozyme (BN I) is equipped with molecular recognition ability and enhanced peroxidase-like activity. On the basis of the inhibition effect of homocysteine (Hcy) towards the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) catalyzed by BN I, a simple colorimetric method is established for the sensitive and selective determination of Hcy. This proposed method displays a good linear response in the range 5-200 µM with a detection limit of 1.8 µM. In the practical assay of human plasma samples, the relative standard deviations (RSD) are lower than 11% and the recoveries are between 98.0 and 104.9%. In the assay of human urine samples, the RSD are below 9.0% and the recoveries range from 94.0 to 103.5%. The colorimetric method presented offers a convenient and accurate way for the determination of biomarkers in point-of-care testing (POCT).
Subject(s)
Bridged-Ring Compounds/chemistry , Colorimetry/methods , Copper/chemistry , Ferrosoferric Oxide/chemistry , Graphite/chemistry , Homocysteine/analysis , Imidazoles/chemistry , Biomimetic Materials/chemistry , Catalysis , Homocysteine/blood , Humans , Limit of Detection , Peroxidase/chemistry , Peroxidase/metabolism , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Herein, through the interfacial regulation of cucurbiturils (CBs) on Fe3O4-Au nanoparticles, a novel multifunctional platform is constructed for the sensitive detection of Cd2+ and the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrocompounds. The reported surface modification strategy provides an efficient approach to prepare a new platform for multiple purposes.
